Ivan
Afanasyevich Kushchevsky (born December 24, 1847 – died August 12, 1876) was a
Russian writer.
Ivan
Afanasyevich Kushchevsky (born December 24, 1847 – died August 12, 1876) was a
Russian writer.
Kushchevsky was born in Barnaul, Siberia where his father was a minor official. He received his early education at the Tomsk gymnasium. He went to Saint Petersburg in the mid-1860s to study at the University, but had to leave school due to lack of money. He worked at odd jobs and lived in cheap boarding houses in the slums for several years. In 1870 he began writing sketches describing his experiences among the lower classes.[1][2]
In 1871 his only novel Nikolai Negorev; or, The Successful Russian, was serialized in Annals of the Fatherland. In the novel, Nikolai tells the story of his progress from age twelve to the beginning of what promises to be a solid career in the civil service. In the writing of Nikolai Negorev, Kushchevsky was strongly influenced by Nikolai Chernyshevsky's novel What is to be Done?. Nikolai Negorev was highly praised by the democratic critics of the day.[1]
Kushchevsky wrote Nikolai Negorev between July and November 1870, at the age of 23, while he was sick and destitute in a hospital for the poor. He described the process of composing his novel:
"I was absorbed by my novel Negorev, and gave up all other work for it. I soon found myself with nothing to eat. Luckily for me, I have been admitted to hospital. Here I sell my rations in order to buy candles and I work away on an empty stomach. But progress is slow. The evenings are dark and I haven't money for all the candles I need." [1]
At the end of the novel, looking for opportunities to start a new career, Negorev encounters an apparent homosexual named Stern, who has "prohibited relationships with several young men." Through Stern, Negorev meets a group of aristocratic young men, who refer to each other as "countess" or "princess," brag of their conquests of other men, and are much given to shrieking.
Throughout his adult life he suffered from privation and alcoholism, which eventually contributed to his death at an early age.[1][2]
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